Peroxisomal Citrate Synthase Provides Exit Route from Fatty Acid Metabolism in Oilseeds
نویسنده
چکیده
The seed of oilseed plants, including Arabidopsis and several crop species, such as soybean, sunflower, and canola, contain a major store of oil in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG), which provides carbon and energy for seed germination and seedling growth. During germination and seedling development, TAG stored in oil bodies is broken down into fatty acids through the action of lipases. Fatty acids are then transported into specialized organelles called peroxisomes, which contain enzymes that catalyze b-oxidation to produce acetyl-CoA. Fatty acid b-oxidation provides carbon for sucrose synthesis in the cytosol (gluconeogenesis) and also substrates for energy production in mitochondria (respiration).
منابع مشابه
Arabidopsis peroxisomal citrate synthase is required for fatty acid respiration and seed germination.
We tested the hypothesis that peroxisomal citrate synthase (CSY) is required for carbon transfer from peroxisomes to mitochondria during respiration of triacylglycerol in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Two genes encoding peroxisomal CSY are expressed in Arabidopsis seedlings, and seeds from plants with both CSY genes disrupted were dormant and did not metabolize triacylglycerol. Germination wa...
متن کاملIntracellular acetyl unit transport in fungal carbon metabolism.
Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolite in carbon and energy metabolism. Because of its amphiphilic nature and bulkiness, acetyl-CoA cannot readily traverse biological membranes. In fungi, two systems for acetyl unit transport have been identified: a shuttle dependent on the carrier carnitine and a (peroxisomal) citrate synthase-dependent pathway. In the carnitine-dependent pathw...
متن کاملCarnitine-dependent transport of acetyl coenzyme A in Candida albicans is essential for growth on nonfermentable carbon sources and contributes to biofilm formation.
In eukaryotes, acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) produced during peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation needs to be transported to mitochondria for further metabolism. Two parallel pathways for acetyl-CoA transport have been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae; one is dependent on peroxisomal citrate synthase (Cit), while the other requires peroxisomal and mitochondrial carnitine acetyltransfera...
متن کاملArabidopsis contains nine long-chain acyl-coenzyme a synthetase genes that participate in fatty acid and glycerolipid metabolism.
Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetases (LACSs) activate free fatty acids to acyl-CoA thioesters and as such play critical roles in fatty acid metabolism. This important class of enzymes factors prominently in several fatty acid-derived metabolic pathways, including phospholipid, triacylglycerol, and jasmonate biosynthesis and fatty acid beta-oxidation. In an effort to better understand th...
متن کاملAdipocyte-specific Gene Expression and Adipogenic Steatosis in the Mouse Liver due to PPARγ1 Overexpression*
The abbreviations used are: PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; PPRE, peroxisome proliferator response element(s); AOX, straight chain fatty acyl-CoA oxidase; L-PBE, peroxisomal enoylCoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase bifunctional protein; PTL, peroxisomal 3-ketoacylCoA thiolase; G-6-P, glucose-6-phosphatase; C/EBPα, CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α; SREBP1, sterol regu...
متن کامل